Jinan, the capital city of East China's Shandong province, topped the list as the No 1 Chinese city with the worst traffic jams during peak hours last year, when the average speed was 21.12 kilometers per hour, according to a report.

That city is followed by Beijing and Harbin, the capital of Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, said the 2017 analysis of major city traffic drafted by the domestic navigation company Amap, the Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport, and Aliyun, though more than half of the 100 major cities in China saw improved traffic congestion in the same year.

The report is based on a ratio of time spent traveling during rush hour compared to time spent driving with a free flow of traffic. A higher number shows more serious congestion.

The top 10 most congested cities are listed as follows:

No 10 Changchun