男友太凶猛1v1高h,大地资源在线资源免费观看 ,人妻少妇精品视频二区,极度sm残忍bdsm变态

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Opinion
Home / Opinion / To the Point

Tonga volcanic eruption won’t let summer go. Don’t worry

By Wei Ke | China Daily | Updated: 2022-01-20 17:27
Share
Share - WeChat
An eruption occurs at the underwater volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai off Tonga, Jan 14, 2022 in this screen grab obtained from a social media video. [Photo/Agencies]

A major volcano erupted in Tonga, an island nation in the South Pacific, on Saturday and its mushroom clouds were visible in satellite images.

The explosion accompanying the eruption was heard more than 2,000 kilometers away, in New Zealand, while changes in air pressure were felt in the southeastern coast of China, Japan, and even on the west coast of the United States.

Many have compared this powerful eruption with the one in Tambora, Indonesia, in 1815, and fear it could turn 2022 into a “year without summer” just as Tambora had done a year after 1815. Is that likely?

It is good to see awareness about volcanoes pulling down average air temperatures, but the two volcanic eruptions are not comparable. The drop in air temperatures is not triggered, as many believe, by volcanic ashes, which are solid particles that settle to the ground. In 1815, places 150 km away from Tambora were covered in volcanic ash 1 meter deep, but the damage it caused was short term.

It was sulfur dioxide gas, released into the stratosphere during the eruption, that later turned into sulfuric acid, an aerosol that stayed there for a whole year, blocking the sun’s rays, that gave the world its “year without summer”.

Eruption of at least 2 million tons of sulfur dioxide is required to trigger a visible drop in atmospheric temperature. In 1963, the Gunung Agung volcanic eruption in Indonesia released 8 million tons of sulfur dioxide, triggering a 0.2 C drop in temperature; in 1982, the El Chichon volcano in Mexico released 7 million tons of sulfur dioxide, triggering a similar drop; in 1991, the Pinatubo volcanic eruption in the Philippines released 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide, triggering a 0.5 C drop in temperature.

The eruption in Tonga has released just 0.4 million tons of sulfur dioxide, not enough to trigger a visible drop in temperature. However, it is still necessary to look out for possible effects on ocean temperatures and more.

Wei Ke, an associate professor at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
主站蜘蛛池模板: 怀柔区| 桐庐县| 芒康县| 方山县| 内丘县| 横山县| 澜沧| 克拉玛依市| 清水县| 定兴县| 平顺县| 正安县| 香港 | 东平县| 镇雄县| 梁山县| 宜川县| 盘锦市| 隆化县| 郧西县| 十堰市| 沧源| 鄂托克旗| 福海县| 桐庐县| 通化县| 红桥区| 沙洋县| 甘孜| 田东县| 房山区| 临武县| 敦化市| 新竹县| 石河子市| 万全县| 定边县| 长治市| 仙游县| 鱼台县| 邓州市|